Career Barriers and Work Motivation among Employed Women in Different Fields

Authors

  • Misbah ullah MPhil Scholar, Preston University Kohat, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62270/jirms.vi.28

Keywords:

Career barriers, Work motivation, Teachers, labours, doctors

Abstract

The present study is about to explore the relationship between career barriers and work motivation among employed women in different fields (Teacher, Doctor, and Factory labor), along with that to find out the differences based on different demographic variables i.e., marital status, Age, and Field of work. 300 samples of employed women were taken from various fields (Teacher, Doctor, and Factory laborers) of the Hazara Division. Data was collected with the help of the Carrier Barrier Scale (CBS) and Work Preference Inventory (WPI) along with a demographic information sheet. The alpha coefficient of CBS and WPI were found satisfactory. Correlation analysis was used to find out the relationship between career barriers and work motivation. The finding indicated a non-significant negative relationship between CBS and WPI. Findings revealed that there are no significant differences between Factory Labor, Teachers, and Doctors groups on CBI and WPI. According, to Brown & Barossa (2001) a carrier barrier is any difficulty that blocks forward movement or any circumstance or situation that makes career growth difficult.

References

Albert, K. A., & Luzzo, D. A. (1999). The role of perceived barriers in career development: A social cognitive perspective. Journal of Counseling & Development, 77(4), 431–436. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.1999.tb02470.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.1999.tb02470.x

Ali, S. R., McWhirter, E. H., & Chronister, K. M. (2005). Self-efficacy and vocational outcome expectations for adolescents of lower socioeconomic status: A pilot study. Journal of Career Assessment, 13(1), 40–58. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072704270273 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072704270273

Albaugh, L. M., & Nauta, M. M. (2005). Career decision self-efficacy, career barriers, and college women's experiences of intimate partner violence. Journal of Career Assessment, 13(3), 288–306. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072705274958 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072705274958

Amabile, T. M., Hill, K. G., Hennessey, B. A., & Tighe, E. M. (1994). The work preference inventory: Assessing intrinsic and extrinsic motivational orientations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66(5), 950–967. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.66.5.950 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.66.5.950

Arbona, C. (1990). Career counseling research and Hispanics: A review of the literature. The Counseling Psychologist, 18(2), 300–323. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000090182012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000090182012

Astin, H. S. (1984). The meaning of work in women's lives: A sociopsychological model of career choice and work behavior. The Counseling Psychologist, 12(4), 117–126. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000084124002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000084124002

Alderfer, C. P. (1972). Existence, relatedness, and growth: Human needs in organizational settings. Free Press.

Barnett, R. C. (2004). Preface: Women and work: Where are we, where did we come from, and where are we going? Journal of Social Issues, 60(4), 667–674. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-4537.2004.00378.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-4537.2004.00378.x

Betz, N. E., & Fitzgerald, L. F. (1987). The career psychology of women. Academic Press.

Brown, S. G., & Barbosa, G. (2001). Nothing is going to stop me now: Obstacles perceived by low-income women as they become self-sufficient. Public Health Nursing, 18(5), 364–372. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1446.2001.00364.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1446.2001.00364.x

Burlin, F.-D. (1976). The relationship of parental education and maternal work and occupational status to occupational aspiration in adolescent females. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 9(1), 99–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(76)90011-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(76)90011-7

Campbell, J. P., & Pritchard, R. D. (1976). Motivation theory in industrial and organizational psychology. In M. D. Dunnette (Ed.), Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology (pp. 63–130). Rand McNally.

Gutek, B. A. (1993). Changing the status of women in management. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 42(4), 301–311. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1993.tb00746.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1993.tb00746.x

McDaniels, C. (1978). The practice of career guidance and counseling. In The status of guidance and counseling in the nation's schools (pp. 101–112). American Personnel and Guidance Association.

Maqsood, S. (2006). Perception of career barriers and work motivation among employed women [Unpublished master's research report]. National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University.

Melamed, T. (1995). Career success: The moderating effect of gender. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 47(1), 35–60. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1995.1028 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1995.1028

Miller, J. V. (1984). The family-career connection: A new framework for career development (Information Series No. 288). ERIC Clearinghouse on Adult, Career, and Vocational Education, The National Center for Research in Vocational Education, Ohio State University. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED246307)

Raynor, J. O., & Entin, E. E. (1982). Motivation, career striving, and aging. Hemisphere Publishing.

Robbins, S. P. (1998). Organizational behavior (8th ed.). Prentice Hall.

Rojewski, J. W., & Yang, B. (1997). Longitudinal analysis of select influences on adolescents' occupational aspirations. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 51(3), 375–410. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1996.1561 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1996.1561

Sellers, N., Satcher, J., & Comas, R. (1999). Children's occupational aspirations: Comparisons by gender, gender role identity, and socioeconomic status. Professional School Counseling, 2(4), 314–317.

Spokane, A. R., & Cruza-Guet, M. C. (2005). Holland's theory of vocational personalities in work environments. In S. D. Brown & R. W. Lent (Eds.), Career development and counseling: Putting theory and research to work (pp. 24–42). John Wiley & Sons.

Steers, R. M., & Porter, L. W. (1974). The role of task-goal attributes in employee performance. Psychological Bulletin, 81(7), 434–452. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0036775 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/h0036775

Stephenson, M. B., & Burge, P. L. (1997). Eliciting women's voices: Vocational choice and educational climate for women in nontraditional occupational programs. Journal of Vocational Education Research, 22(3), 153–171.

Swanson, J. L., & Tokar, D. M. (1991). College students' perceptions of barriers to career development. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 38(1), 92–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(91)90020-M DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(91)90020-M

Wasti, S. A. (1998). Cultural barriers in the transferability of Japanese and American human resources practices to developing countries: The Turkish case. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 9(4), 608–631. https://doi.org/10.1080/095851998340928 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/095851998340928

Yaqub, T. (2005). Perception of career-related barriers among university students [Unpublished M.Phil. thesis]. Quaid-i-Azam University.

Downloads

Published

30-06-2020

How to Cite

Misbah ullah. (2020). Career Barriers and Work Motivation among Employed Women in Different Fields. Journal of Innovative Research in Management Sciences, 1(1), 7-13. https://doi.org/10.62270/jirms.vi.28